Which pattern is exclusively female?

The tortoiseshell and calico coat color patterns are found in almost entirely female cats. This is a rare but interesting genetic feature of reflected genetics in the cat family. The colors require an X and another X chromosome to be expressed, hence they are rare in male cats. From this phase of knowledge, we get a better understanding of nature's chromosomal art.

Rare male exceptions occur as a consequence of genetic mutations. Klinefelter syndrome gives men an XXY chromosomal arrangement. This allows the dual expression of pigment. About one in three thousand tortoiseshells is male. These rare cats often experience severe health issues. They are generally prone to infertility as a result, some say, of chromosomal abnormalities.

Calico development needs more genes. The white spotting genes produce individual spots. These combine with the colors expressed by the X chromosomes. The result is a clear-cut tricolour distribution. Real calicos show minimal mixed colours. This is different from the marble patterns of tortoiseshell.

Myths continue to exist about personality traits associated with patterns. Some refer to the attitude of the tortoiseshell as 'tortitude'. The science confirms that there are no behavioral differences based on coat type. These cats deserve to be treated like every other cat. Respect their genetic individuality. Please give them the same care, regardless of their color.

Chromosomal mosaicism leads to intriguing diversity. Some cats have split-face coloration. Other types have variations in color patch distributions. Such features are simply a reflection of stochastic patterns of X-inactivation. Each tortoiseshell cat is essentially a living piece of art, exhibiting all the possible and beautiful complexities in biology.

Read the full article: Cat Coat Patterns: A Visual Guide